In addition to the technical knowledge it takes to design city streets, water systems, and new infrastructure for undeveloped land, our civil engineering teams maintain strong relationships with leaders of commerce, government officials, and other members of the communities we serve. Because each community is unique, it is these relationships and local knowledge that allow us to effectively put our expertise to work for our clients, whether in the private or public sector.

City and Local Streets

<h2>City and Local Streets</h2>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>Master Planning</li>
<li>Street Widening</li>
<li>Street Realignment</li>
<li>New Alignments</li>
<li>Signalized Intersections</li>
<li>Roundabouts</li>
<li>Sidewalks</li>
<li>Accessible Ramps</li>
<li>Pedestrian Signals</li>
<li>Traffic Calming</li>
<li>Streetscaping</li>
<li>Right-of-Way Acquisitions</li>
<li>Utility Relocations</li>
<li>Revitalization</li>
</ul>

<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>Master Planning</li>
<li>Street Widening</li>
<li>Street Realignment</li>
<li>New Alignments</li>
<li>Signalized Intersections</li>
<li>Roundabouts</li>
<li>Sidewalks</li>
</ul>

<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>Accessible Ramps</li>
<li>Pedestrian Signals</li>
<li>Traffic Calming</li>
<li>Streetscaping</li>
<li>Right-of-Way Acquisitions</li>
<li>Utility Relocations</li>
<li>Revitalization</li>
</ul>
&nbsp;

Highways and Bridges

<h2>Highways and Bridges</h2>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>Alignment Studies</li>
<li>Break In Access Studies</li>
<li>Interstate Highways / Toll Roads</li>
<li>Interchanges</li>
<li>Traffic Control Plans</li>
<li>Erosion Control Plans</li>
<li>Right-of-Way Acquisitions</li>
<li>Design and Land Surveys</li>
<li>New Alignments</li>
<li>Replacements</li>
<li>Widening</li>
<li>Stream Crossings</li>
<li>Vehicular / Pedestrian Overpasses</li>
<li>Railroad Overpasses</li>
</ul>

<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>Alignment Studies</li>
<li>Break In Access Studies</li>
<li>Interstate Highways / Toll Roads</li>
<li>Interchanges</li>
<li>Traffic Control Plans</li>
<li>Erosion Control Plans</li>
<li>Right-of-Way Acquisitions</li>
</ul>

<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>Design and Land Surveys</li>
<li>New Alignments</li>
<li>Replacements</li>
<li>Widening</li>
<li>Stream Crossings</li>
<li>Vehicular / Pedestrian Overpasses</li>
<li>Railroad Overpasses</li>
</ul>
&nbsp;

<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>Feasibility Studies</li>
<li>Master Planning</li>
<li>Retail / Commercial Developments</li>
<li>Restaurants</li>
<li>Sports Facilities</li>
<li>Educational Facilities</li>
<li>Healthcare Facilities</li>
</ul>

<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>Manufacturing Facilities</li>
<li>Single Family Subdivisions</li>
<li>Multifamily Subdivisions</li>
<li>Apartment Communities</li>
<li>Mixed-Use Development</li>
<li>Parks and Recreation</li>
<li>Site and Landscape Design</li>
</ul>
&nbsp;

There exists an increasing need for infrastructure rehabilitation. Factors in this struggle include rising community expectations, increasing environmental awareness, diminishing financial resources, aging infrastructure, growing risk management, and regulator expectations. To mitigate these issues, several trenchless rehabilitation methods have emerged from this growing need, including CIPP, Slip Lining, and Pipe Bursting. Design factors such as hydraulic capacity, line location, and other existing utilities determine which techniques are appropriate. CIPP can provide one of the most effective, comprehensive solutions to the rehabilitation of pipes with existing limitations.
Cured-In-Place Pipe, or CIPP, was introduced by Eric Wood and first used in London, England, in 1971. It is a full-segment rehabilitation of pipe and takes on the shape of the host pipe, essentially becoming a pipe within a pipe. This trenchless technology is used to remediate or repair subsurface utility pipes, most often sanitary sewer. In many cases, a community&rsquo;s aging sewer infrastructure is leaking, collapsing, or has been compromised and is subject to exfiltration and/or infiltration.
Exfiltration happens when sewage in a pipe is allowed to improperly exit the system and enter the surrounding environment, which is prohibited by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Infiltration happens when ground water is allowed to enter the system. This impacts the system&rsquo;s design capacity and can lead to overflows and increased treatment expenses.
IPP consists of a non-woven fabric impregnated with resin, either pulled into place or inverted, inflated, and cured by heat (steam or heated water) or UV-light. There are typically two types of fabric used in CIPP, felt and fiberglass. Resins include polyester, vinyl ester, or epoxy and can be either factory applied and transported to the site in a lightless temperature-controlled manner, or wetted on site. Typically, resin is applied to the liner in the climate controlled factory, however, some circumstances, such as large pipe sizes, require an on-site or over-the-hole wet-out process due to transportation limitations.
Most resins used with CIPP are styrene-based. While curing CIPP, a noticeable styrene odor is present; however, levels released are not dangerous and are well within the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) recommendations. Keeping the local public appraised of this information is key to reducing public health concerns during CIPP projects. Additionally, UV-cured liners release less styrene odor and can be beneficial for this reason in areas of high sensitivity.
CIPP can be installed to restore the structural integrity of an entire pipe or as a spot repair to mitigate a localized point in need of repair.
<img src="https://api.www.craftontull.com/media/uploads/insights/cipp_lining/cipp-pwtrenchless-1617028082.webp" alt="CIPP lining install" width="800" height="534" />
<h6>&copy; PW Trenchless - Image Source:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.pwtrenchless.com/">pwtrenchless.com</a></h6>
CIPP is secured in place using a mechanical lock on the current host pipe at the manholes and pipe joints. The interface between the liner and the host pipe is sealed at the manholes to eliminate infiltration and exfiltration of the system. CIPP is best used in host pipe materials other than plastic, and can accommodate uncommon pipe shapes, such as egg shaped, and materials, including brick.
Because sewer by-pass of the system is necessary during installation, it is recommended to notify affected property owners of the planned temporary interruption of service. Typically, the contractor will leave door hangers in the project area to prepare residents and businesses, giving them a point of contact for questions.
The CIPP process begins with pre-cleaning to remove roots and debris from inside the pipe. Then the pipe is inspected using closed-circuit television (CCTV). This is called &ldquo;Pre-CCTV&rdquo; in the work contract. If the pipe is a good candidate for CIPP installation, the method, material, thickness, and tolerances are established.
Once installed, the resin must cool completely at a controlled rate to prevent snapping or delamination issues. Samples are collected and sent to a certified laboratory for flexural modulus and modulus of elasticity testing of the cured material. Typically, one (1) sample is sent for every 1,000 LF of CIPP installed on a job. Meanwhile, the service connections are reestablished.
<img src="https://api.www.craftontull.com/media/uploads/insights/cipp_lining/cipp_lining.webp" alt="CIPP before after" width="800" height="440" />
Finally, &ldquo;Post-CCTV&rsquo; data is collected and inspected for defects. The final acceptance of the line is based on materials testing results and post-CCTV documentation. Usually, the material supplier and the installation contractor will provide separate warranties for a standard period of time.
Pricing per linear foot naturally improves with higher quantities of installation.
Pros:
<ul>
<li>Cost effective compared to trenching and site restoration.</li>
<li>Minimally invasive. Can be accomplished with less service interruption, traffic disruption, and public inconvenience.</li>
<li>Work is completed in much shorter time frames, usually within hours instead of weeks.</li>
<li>CIPP is a structural reformation and extends the lifecycle of the pipe. Not merely patching but fully restoring pipe integrity.</li>
<li>CIPP can reestablish a smoother interior surface for partially or fully degraded pipes to increase flow capacity. Additionally, this method of remediation minimally reduces the interior diameter of the host pipe.</li>
</ul>
Cons:
<ul>
<li>CIPP does have limitations to the pipe failures it is applicable to. It cannot correct a sag in the pipe, pipe intrusions, severely offset joints, or larger holes that can allow the CIPP to balloon into a vacant space.</li>
<li>Installation usually requires certified specialists.</li>
<li>CIPP can be improperly installed. The lining can snap, delaminate, wrinkle, have dry spots, curing irregularities, or foreign inclusions.</li>
</ul>
<hr />
CIPP installation specifications come from ASTM F1216-12 and F1743-13. Tube and resin material specifications are found in ASTM D5813-14. The National Association of Sewer Service Companies (NASSCO) has been proactively developing CIPP health and safety requirements for over 35 years, including an inspector training and certification program.

P.E., MBA

Whether you call it a ditch, drainage channel, watercourse, or canal, facilities that carry storm water runoff are not usually thought of as anything more than a functional necessity. These intermittent streams, whether manmade or naturally occurring, are often eyesores to a campus or municipality and can be maintenance headaches to grounds keeping crews.
In past years, the prevailing school of thought has been to enclose such channels to get them out of sight (and out of mind). Cities have constructed roads, parking lots, and even buildings over reinforced box culverts. However, this option can be very expensive, and can create maintenance issues of its own.
<img src="https://api.www.craftontull.com/media/uploads/insights/drainage_design/natural_drainage_design_crafton_tull.webp" alt="Natural drainage channel" width="900" height="675" />
Other options to minimize maintenance problems have included the placement of riprap to control or eliminate bank erosion and limit the amount of invasive vegetation that has to be cut on a routine basis. Again, these options are usually unsightly&nbsp;and are not very maintenance friendly.
A less expensive alternative to these trends is the low impact design of open channels that are more appealing to the eye, and can add to the outdoor greenspace beauty of a community. This is accomplished by the deliberate placement of stones, small waterfalls, native grasses, gravel beaches, and flowering plant material to create an aesthetically appealing landscape. In essence, this process can turn the perception of an obstacle into an amenity for the campus or city.
&nbsp;
In addition to beautification, the benefits of the approach include:
<div>
<ul>
<li>The natural filtration of storm water runoff</li>
<li>The creation of micro environments for riparian and aquatic life</li>
<li>The reduction of soil erosion through the use of natural vegetation and hardscape materials</li>
<li>Typically less costly than the construction of concrete box culverts and channels.</li>
</ul>
&nbsp;
</div>
This approach can be utilized in the design of new drainage channels, improvements to existing drainage channels, or the restoration of natural streams and swales that have been neglected and have suffered erosion issues due to partial blockage by debris or sedimentation buildup.
There are many factors to consider when using this approach in design. Channels that provide drainage from small basins or low lying areas can be relatively simple to design. However, larger basins may require hydrologic and hydraulic studies to determine minimum capacities, high water marks, and water velocity during peak rain events. Special consideration also must be given to areas that are in a FEMA regulated floodplain or floodway to ensure that properties are not negatively impacted by the channel improvements.
&nbsp;

LEED AP

Water Resources

<h2>Water Resources</h2>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>Hydrology and Hydraulic Studies</li>
<li>Stormwater Management</li>
<li>Stormwater System Design</li>
<li>Stormwater Quality Management</li>
<li>Pollution Prevention Plans</li>
<li>Design Criteria Manuals</li>
<li>Basin Drainage Studies</li>
<li>Culvert Design</li>
<li>Channel Design</li>
<li>Flood Studies</li>
<li>FEMA Coordination</li>
<li>FEMA Map Revisions &nbsp;</li>
<li>Detention Design</li>
<li>Storm Sewer Design</li>
</ul>

<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>Hydrology and Hydraulic Studies</li>
<li>Stormwater Management</li>
<li>Stormwater System Design</li>
<li>Stormwater Quality Management</li>
<li>Pollution Prevention Plans</li>
<li>Design Criteria Manuals</li>
<li>Basin Drainage Studies</li>
</ul>

<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>Culvert Design</li>
<li>Channel Design</li>
<li>Flood Studies</li>
<li>FEMA Coordination</li>
<li>FEMA Map Revisions &nbsp;</li>
<li>Detention Design</li>
<li>Storm Sewer Design</li>
</ul>
&nbsp;

Utility Design

<h2>Utility Design</h2>
WATER DISTRIBUTION SERVICES
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>Water Transmission Lines</li>
<li>Ground / Elevated Reservoirs</li>
<li>Booster Pumping Stations</li>
<li>Utility Relocation</li>
<li>Hydraulic Modeling</li>
</ul>
WASTEWATER SERVICES
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>Sanitary Sewer Interceptors</li>
<li>Relief Sewer Systems</li>
<li>Flow Monitoring</li>
<li>Pump Stations</li>
<li>Sanitary Sewer Evaluation Studies</li>
<li>Odor Studies and Control</li>
</ul>

WATER DISTRIBUTION SERVICES
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>Water Transmission Lines</li>
<li>Ground / Elevated Reservoirs</li>
<li>Booster Pumping Stations</li>
<li>Utility Relocation</li>
<li>Hydraulic Modeling</li>
</ul>
&nbsp;

WASTEWATER SERVICES
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>Sanitary Sewer Interceptors</li>
<li>Relief Sewer Systems</li>
<li>Flow Monitoring</li>
<li>Pump Stations</li>
<li>Sanitary Sewer Evaluation Studies</li>
<li>Odor Studies and Control</li>
</ul>
&nbsp;

Construction Services

<h2>Construction Services</h2>
PRE-CONSTRUCTION SERVICES
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>Construction Contract Assistance</li>
<li>Construction Cost Estimates</li>
<li>Bidding / Negotiation Assistance</li>
<li>Design Reviews</li>
<li>Value Engineering</li>
<li>Constructability Review</li>
</ul>
CONSTRUCTION PHASE SERVICES
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>Construction Observation</li>
<li>Construction Administration</li>
<li>Coordination of Material Testing</li>
<li>Construction Documentation</li>
</ul>

PRE-CONSTRUCTION SERVICES
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>Construction Contract Assistance</li>
<li>Construction Cost Estimates</li>
<li>Bidding / Negotiation Assistance</li>
<li>Design Reviews</li>
<li>Value Engineering</li>
<li>Constructability Review</li>
<li>Construction Staking</li>
</ul>
&nbsp;

CONSTRUCTION PHASE SERVICES
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>Construction Observation</li>
<li>Construction Administration</li>
<li>Coordination of Material Testing</li>
<li>Construction Documentation</li>
</ul>
&nbsp;
&nbsp;

Learn about the civil engineering services and project types offered by Crafton Tull.

Civil Engineering | Crafton Tull

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Crafton Tull | Expertise

Expertise Video

Our multi-discipline team offers unique expertise in a wide variety of industries.&nbsp;

Expertise You Can Trust

Civil Engineering

City and Local Streets

Pleasant Grove Road Phase III

Jenny Lind Road + Ingersoll Avenue Improvements

Highways and Bridges

Cow Face Road Bridge

I-49 Highway Widening

Site Development

Northgate Plaza Phase I + II

Fire Station No. 24

Water Resources

Clabber Creek Hydraulic Study

Pulaski County Stormwater Mapping

Utility Design

OKC Sanitary Sewer Rehabilitation

Western Lowell Sewer Improvements

Construction Services

Shadow Valley Phase 10 + 11

Port of Little Rock Infrastructure Improvements